Bettmann/Corbis
The Republican candidates in
early 1980 (from left): Philip Crane, John Connally, John Anderson,
Howard Baker, Bob Dole, Ronald Reagan and George H.W. Bush
Then as
now, the Republican primaries opened with a bang, when George H.W. Bush
upset Ronald Reagan in the Iowa caucuses. By late February, this loss
would lead to Reagan's firing of his campaign manager, John Sears, in a
disagreement over strategy.
Then, as now, Republicans feared that an unhappy contender might bolt
the party to mount an independent campaign. In 1980, that was liberal
John Anderson, not libertarian Ron Paul. Mr. Anderson did end up running
as an independent, whereas Mr. Paul will likely be constrained by the
effect a third-party run would have on the future prospects for his
Republican son, Kentucky Sen. Rand Paul.
Then as now, the chattering classes wondered aloud whether a
candidate who could win the Republican nomination could prevail against
President Carter in November. On March 1, former President Gerald Ford
amplified that view when he told a New York Times reporter, "Every place
I go and everything I hear, there is the growing, growing sentiment
that Governor Reagan cannot win the election."
Then as now, some put their hopes on a late entry, in the same way
that some now pine for Jeb Bush or Mitch Daniels or Chris Christie to
enter the race. In the same interview where Mr. Ford predicted that
Reagan's nomination would mean a repeat of 1964, he also declared
himself open to a draft if there were a genuine "urging" by the party.
In retrospect, we forget how seriously
the Ford possibility was taken, or how popular it was in the polls, or
how lingering its effects would be (at the convention, there would be
speculation about a "co-presidency"). A Harris Poll released just about
this time in 1980 bolstered the case for Mr. Ford by reporting that, in a
head-to-head matchup, Ford (the noncandidate) would trounce President
Carter 55% to 44%. The same poll showed Reagan (the front-runner)
trailing Carter 58% to 40%.
Nor was candidate Reagan without baggage. As governor, Reagan had
pushed through the largest tax hike in California's history, had signed
one of the nation's most liberal abortion laws, and—as George H.W. Bush
pointed out—presided over the doubling of the state budget over his
eight-year tenure, to $10.2 billion when he left office from $4.6
billion when he entered.
Along the way in 1980 there were missteps and minor dustups inflated
beyond their importance. In Iowa, Reagan lost the caucuses because he
sat on a lead and played it cautious. In New Hampshire a month later, he
had to apologize for an ethnic joke that made fun of Italians and Poles
(to its credit, the New York Times defended him in an editorial).
Later he would face Santorum-like
fears about his social message, especially after appearing at a mass
gathering of Christian fundamentalists and evangelicals. A minister with
whom he'd shared a stage was taped saying "we're being attacked by
satanic forces," which Times columnist Anthony Lewis declared "the
scariest piece of television" he'd seen in some time.
Yes, the parallels to 1980 take you only so far, and Mitt Romney is
no Ronald Reagan. Still, at this same point in his campaign for the GOP
nomination, neither was Reagan. The President Reagan we rightly admire
for bringing down the Berlin Wall, reviving the U.S. economy, and
attracting into the GOP millions of disaffected Democrats was still to
come.
And he got there by transcending the conventional wisdom rather than allowing himself or his message to be limited by it.
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